Hinduism's 10-year growth rate is estimated at 20% (based on the period 1991 to 2001), corresponding to a yearly growth close to 2%. [229], According to the Pew Research Center, Christianity is declining in the United States while non-Christian faiths are growing. [388], According to the Pew Research Center published on 2010, religious conversion may have little impact on the Jewish population between 2010 and 2050; Jews are expected to lose 0.3 million adherents, between 2010 and 2050. [103] Doug Saunders states that by 2030 Muslims and Non-Muslims birth rates will be equal in Germany, Greece, Spain and Denmark without taking account of the Muslims immigration to these countries. [110], The 19th century saw at least 250,000 Jews convert to Christianity according to existing records of various societies. April 1, 2021, 8:23pm. In 2010, the median age of Muslims throughout Europe was (32), eight years younger than the median for all Europeans (40). ", "The Iraqi Muslims who convert to Christianity", "Out of hiding, some Kosovars embrace Christianity", "Muslim Kosovars rediscover their long-forgotten Roman Catholic roots", "Religion and the Secular State in Kyrgyzstan", "The Muslim refugees converting to Christianity 'to find safety', "Morocco's 'hidden' Christians to push for religious freedom", "MOROCCO2019INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT", "Morocco's Christian converts emerge from the shadows", "Iranian refugees turn to Christianity in the Netherlands", "Christian convert from Iran converting Muslims in Sweden", "Christianity grows in Syrian town once besieged by Islamic State", International Religious Freedom Report 2007: Tunisia, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, "Fearing a new holy empire: Just when Turks are worried about Christians, here comes the Pope", "Christian Converts Live In Fear in Intolerant Turkey", "Iranian Christians in Leeds: xperiences of Church Membership", "Why Are Millions of Muslims Becoming Christian? [38] According to the same study Buddhists "are projected to decline in absolute number, dropping 7% from nearly 500 million in 2015 to 462 million in 2060. The UN concluded that in the first eight months of 2014, at least 9,347 civilians had been killed and at least 17,386 wounded. [500][492], India has the world's largest Zoroastrian population who are called Parsis. [333] On the other hand, the increasingly large ex-Muslim communities in the Western world that adhere to no religion have been well documented. Do Muslims have more children than other women in western Europe? (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Changement de prnom et stratgies identitaires, entre culture d'origine et migration [Shklzen or Giannis? [230][231][232][233][234][235][236] The 2014 Religious Landscape Study finds a large majority (87.6%) of those who were raised as Christians in the United States still identify as such, while the rest who no longer identify as Christians mostly identify as religiously unaffiliated, and the number of those leaving Christianity in the United States is greater than the number of converts; however, the number of those convert to evangelical Christianity in the United States is greater than the number of those leaving that faith. [319] While Muslim birth rates are expected to experience a decline, it will remain above replacement level and higher fertility than the world's overall by 2050. The absolute number of Muslims is also expected to increase in regions with smaller Muslim populations such as Europe and North America,[360] due to young age & relatively high fertility rate. : New Dynamics of Religious Expansion in a Globalizing World, Think religion is in decline? [202] According to scholar Ladan Boroumand "Iran today is witnessing the highest rate of Christianization in the world",[203] and according to scholar Shay Khatiri of Johns Hopkins University "Islam is the fastest shrinking religion in there [Iran], while Christianity is growing the fastest",[204] and in 2018 "up to half a million Iranians are Christian converts from Muslim families, and most of these Christians are evangelicals",[205] and he adds "recent estimates claim that the number might have climbed up to somewhere between 1 million and 3 million". About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. 218219. [346] He further points out that Muslims are not a monolithic or cohesive group,[347] Most academics who have analysed the demographics dismiss the predictions that the EU will have Muslim majorities. Here are other chief findings from the report: 1. [283] Approximately 94% of the world's Hindus live in India. [300] According to a 2019 study by the Pew Research Center; "around the globe, Muslims have higher fertility rates than Christians on average. [19], These forecasts lack reliable data on religious conversion in China, but according to media reports and expert assessments, it is possible that the rapid growth of Christianity in China may maintain, or even increase, the current numerical advantage of Christianity as the largest religion in the world and may negatively affect the growth of the Religiously Unaffiliated. 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Johnson " Institute on Culture, Religion & World Affairs Boston University", London: A Rising Island of Religion in a Secular Sea, "The Baha'i Faith 19571988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments", Religion on the Move! Pew Research projections, over time fertility rates generally converge toward the [317] According to Foreign Policy, high birth rates were cited as the reason for the Muslim population growth. In this . by Daniel. In the aftermath of the Cold War, one could say that Europe needed a new archetypal enemy, and research shows that Muslim immigrants gradually took on that status. Famed new believers like Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Keith Ellison seem to get all the attentionalong with flamboyant. It is the same mental and emotional struggle Cottee observed when researching his book. [488][489] Mary Jones says Wicca is one of the fastest-growing religions in the United States as well. If Islam would be dying then the mosques would not be getting more full with every coming year but the trend would be an opposite: mosques would get . [324], According to the religious forecast for 2050 by Pew Research Center, between 2010 and 2050 modest net gains through religious conversion are expected for Muslims (3million)[326] and most of the net gains through religious conversion for Muslims found in Sub Saharan Africa (2.9million). [360] In North America, it will grow 1% to 2%. Such forecasts cannot be validated empirically and are contentious, but are useful for comparison. [515], Statistics on religious adherence are difficult to gather and often contradictory; statistics for the change of religious adherence are even more so, requiring multiple surveys separated by many years using the same data gathering rules. Looking at suicide as a share of total death is one way to compare differences across the world. Professor Eric Kaufmann, whose academic specialization is how demography affects irreligion/religion/politics, wrote in 2012: In my book, Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth? What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. 14/Mar/2021. [433][434][435][436] Meanwhile in other times or places the religion has experienced surges in growth. Muslims in the U.S. are not as numerous as the number of Americans who identify as Jewish by religion, according to our estimate. [95][96][97], In 1900, there were only 8.7million[47] adherents of Christianity in Africa, while in 2010 there were 390 million. The finding is one of a number on how. [284] 79.8% of India's population is Hindu, accounting for about 90% of Hindus worldwide. [342] Pew study also reveals that Muslims are younger than other Europeans. Religious conversions havent had a large impact on the size of the U.S. Muslim population, largely because about as many Americans convert to Islam as leave the faith. The report also shows that the fall in the birth rate of Muslims slowed down the growth rate from 1990 to 2010. New Delhi: "I have hated Muslims most of my life and today I proudly call myself one," says Siddharth, who assumed the name Shadab when he converted to Islam in 2012. [375][376][377] (such as Christians under the Ottoman Empire's authority,[378][379] Hindus and Buddhists under regime of Muslim invaders,[369] Coptic Christians under administration of the Muslim Arabs,[372] Zoroastrians living under Islamic rule in ancient Persia,[380] and also with Jewish communities in the medieval Arab world[374]) while some scholars indicate that some Muslim rulers in India did not consistently collect the jizya (poll tax) from Dhimmis. [35] The decline is due to several factors such as the low fertility level among Buddhists (1.6 children per woman),[36] and the old age (median age of 34), compared to the overall population. It has a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error. In fact, about half of all converts to Islam (53%) identified as Protestant before converting; another 20% were Catholic. Grim, International religious demographic statistics and sources, Last edited on 23 February 2023, at 00:39, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Christianity has grown rapidly in South Korea, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans, List of countries by Zoroastrian population, Religious Projections for the Next 200 Years, "The Future of Global Muslim Population: Projections from 2010 to 2013", "A Religious Forecast For 2050: Atheism Is Down, Islam Is Rising", "Why Muslims are the world's fastest-growing religious group", The Future of the Global Muslim Population, 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199920570.001.0001, 10.1525/california/9780520266612.001.0001, "Pentecostalismthe fastest growing religion on earth", "Pentecostalism: Massive Global Growth Under the Radar", "More Religion, but Not the Old-Time Kind", "Witnessing The New Reach Of Pentecostalism", "Max Weber and Pentecostals in Latin America: The Protestant Ethic, Social Capital and Spiritual Capital Ethic, Social Capital and Spiritual Capital", "Protestantism: The fastest growing religion in the developing world", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population", "The countries where apostasy is punishable by death", "The Changing Global Religious Landscape", "Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 20102050, p.43", "The Global Religious Landscape: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Major Religious Groups as of 2010", "The Global Religious Landscape: Buddhists", People's Republic of China: Religions and Churches Statistical Overview 2011, "Global Christianity: Regional Distribution of Christians", The Future of World Religions p.8 Table: Size and Projected Growth of Major Religious Groups, "The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions", "Christianity 2018: More African Christians and Counting Martyrs", "Africa overtakes Latin America for the highest Christian population", "Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume Set", The Global Religious Landscape: Christians, "The Future of World Religions; Regional Change p.60", "Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues", "Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe", "Turning point in Christianity: Eastern Europe in the late 20th Century", "Engendering Charismatic Economies: Pentecostalism, Global Political Economy, and the Crisis of Social Reproduction", "Study: Christianity growth soars in Africa", "China on course to become 'world's most Christian nation' within 15 years", "The State Of Pentecostalism In Southeast Asia: Ethnicity, Class And Leadership Analysis", "Religion in Latin America, Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region", "6 facts about South Korea's growing Christian population", "Annual Report on International Religious Freedom for 2005 Vietnam", "Better-educated S'pore residents look to religion", China accused of trying to 'co-opt and emasculate' Christianity, "AFP: In Indonesia, Lunar New Year an old practice for young Christians", "In Indonesia, Lunar New Year an old practice for young Christians", "Religious Demographic Profiles Pew Forum", "VATICAN - CATHOLIC CHURCH STATISTICS 2018 - Agenzia Fides", "Think religion is in decline? [493] It served as the state religion of the ancient Iranian empires for more than a millennium, from around 600 BCE to 650 CE, but declined from the 7th century onwards following the Muslim conquest of Persia of 633654. [280] The Lebanese Druze have the lowest fertility among all age groups after the Lebanese Christians. [206] Converting to Christianity is growing among Muslims in the Albanian diaspora,[207][208] Iranian diaspora,[209] and Syrian diaspora,[210] and among Muslim Maghrebis in France,[211] and Kurds and Turks in Germany. The growth of a religion can interact with factors such as persecution, entrenched rival religions (such as established religions), and religious market saturation. New York: Oxford University Press. But individuals are now renouncing Islam at greater rates than ever before. [102] On the other hand, Eric Kaufman, of University of London, argued that the main reason for the expansion of Catholicism and conservative Protestantism along with other religions is because their religions tend to be "pro-natal" and they have more children, and not due to religious conversion.[103]. Learn about Muslims and Islam through four short lessons delivered to your inbox every other day. Hispanics and African-Americans, who were already converting well before 9/11, are the most common ethnic groups to convert. [29], Buddhism is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha, who was born in modern day Nepal and lived and taught in India in the 5th century BC. [251] While the exact number of Dalit converts to Christianity in India is not available, scholar William R. Burrow of Colorado State University estimated that about 8% of Dalit have converted to Christianity. [336][337][b] A survey conducted by Pew Research Center in 2017 found that conversion has a negative impact on the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. [252] According to a 2021 study by the Pew Research Center, Christianity in India gained an increase from conversion, most of the Christian converts in India are former Hindus. According to statistics in Canada, the number of "Nones" increased by about 60% between 1985 and 2004. And by 2050, the U.S. Muslim population is projected to reach8.1 million, or 2.1% of the nations total population nearly twice the share of today. The Next Christendom: The Rise of Global Christianity. [80] According to scholar Francis Fukuyama of Stanford University "converts to Protestantism find their incomes, education levels, hygiene and social networks expanding". For example, individuals can receive a capital punishment if they openly leave Islam in some Muslim countries. To many Muslims, it may be the word of God, but in thinking this, they deny the fact that faith is a lived experience and the faith that they follow has been shaped by human lives who have gone before. 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But while the share of American Muslim adults who are converts to Islam also is about one-quarter (23%), a much smaller share of current Christians (6%) are converts. Muslims that seek to renounce Islam face legal obstacles, societal push-back, and harsh penalties. According to Arvind Sharma, Hinduism "is typically quite comfortable with multiple religious participation, multiple religious affiliations, and even with multiple religious identities. Protestantism is one of the most dynamic religious movements in the contemporary world. In recent years, "Europe has experienced a record influx of asylum seekers fleeing from Syria and predominantly Muslim . In the Diaspora, in almost every country the Jewish population in general is either declining or steady, but Orthodox and Haredi Jewish communities, whose members often shun birth control for religious reasons, have experienced rapid population growth. Though exact numbers are difficult to tally, observers estimate that as many as 20,000 Americans convert to Islam annually. [71], Christianity is still the largest religion in Western Europe, according to a 2018 study by the Pew Research Center, 71.0% of the Western European population identified themselves as Christians, however, most of them are non-practicing and non- church-attending. [38], It was reported in 2013 that around 5,000 British people convert to Islam every year, with most of them being women. Conversions involving Islam sometimes look like a one-way street in the West. However, this does not gives us a direct comparison of suicide between countries - this share will also be influenced by the magnitude of other causes of death. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1990 1990. In surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019, Pew found that 65 percent of Americans described themselves as Christian, a 12 percent decline over the past decade. [321] While decline of Muslim birth rates in coming years have also been well documented. The results gave a figure of 1,400 conversions in the capital in the past 12 months which, when. Special administrative areas in China are Buddhist majority areas such as Macau, Tibet, and Hong Kong. In other words, Christianity as a whole loses more people than it gains from religious switching (conversions in both directions) in the U.S., while the net effect on Islam in America is a wash. A 2017 Pew Research Center survey of U.S. Muslims, using slightly different questions than the 2014 survey, found a similar estimate (24%) of the share of those who were raised Muslim but have left Islam. Since then, the Muslim population has continued to grow at a rate of roughly 100,000 per year, driven both by higher fertility rates among Muslim Americans as well as the continued migration of Muslims to the U.S. The number of Muslims will equal the number of Christians around the . According to Pew research, 13 percent of Americans today self-identify as "former Catholics," and many of them leave organized religion altogether. [52] In 2010, 26% of the world's Christians lived in Europe, followed by 24.4% in Latin America and the Caribbean, 23.8% in Sub-Saharan Africa, 13.2% in Asia and the Pacific, 12.3% in North America, and 1% in the Middle East and North Africa. [101] The main growth areas have been Asia and Africa, 39% and 32%, respectively, since 2000. [63][64][65][66] Since 1900, due primarily to conversion, Protestantism has spread rapidly in Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America. [50] According to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Christianity (1.38%) is one of the six fastest-growing religions in the world, with high birth rates and conversions in the global South were being cited as the major reasons of the Christian population growth. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. "They were reporting on the mass conversions of Muslimsas many as 6-8 millionin sub-Saharan, Africa, and they have repeated the warning every year," he said. "The Lost History of Christianity." [118] Many Muslims who convert to Christianity face social and governmental persecution. the survey was based on 50,000 respondents with 90% of those surveyed living in Iran. Muslims are not evenly distributed around the country. Ellethy 2014, p. 181. Among this group, 55% no longer identify with any religion, according to the 2017 survey. Only 4.7% of the Parsi community are under 6 years of age, which translates to 7 births per year per 1,000 individuals. A 2014 study indicated that over 1.2 million people will leave the church in the next year. [501][502] According to the National Commission for Minorities, there are a "variety of causes that are responsible for this steady decline in the population of the community", the most significant of which were childlessness and migration-[503] Demographic trends project that by the year 2020 the Parsis will number only 23,000. While in prison for robbery from 1946 to 1952, he underwent a conversion that eventually led him to join the Nation of Islam, an African American movement that combined elements of Islam with Black nationalism. ", "The Zoroastrians who remained in Persia (modern Iran) after the ArabMuslim conquest (7th century CE) had a long history as outcasts. According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, by 2060 Muslims will remain the second world's largest religion; and if current trends continue, the number of Muslims will reach 2.9billion (or 31.1%). But, unlike some other faiths, Islam gains about as many converts as it loses. [393] Additionally, while in principle Reform Judaism favors seeking new members for the faith, this position has not translated into active proselytism, instead of taking the form of an effort to reach out to non-Jewish spouses of intermarried couples. [512][513][514] However, this has not been confirmed by independent sources. How many Muslims leave Islam in India? Ten years ago, Muhammad Syed became an ex-Muslim. [290][291] According to 2011 census, Hinduism has become the fastest-growing religion in Australia since 2006[292] due to migration from India and Fiji. However, religiously unaffiliated is expected to grow slightly due to a decrease in the fertility rate among the religiously unaffiliated population. This scenario (Chinese scenario) is based primarily on sensitivity tests.[26]. [362][363], According to Rodney Stark, Islam was spread after military conquests after Arab armies began overtaking Christian regions from Syria to North Africa and Spain,[364] as well as Zoroastrian, Buddhist and Hindu regions in Central Asia, parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia via military invasions,[365][366][367] traders and Sufi missionaries. For the period 2000-2013, the figures in point 1. above equate to an average annual growth rate of 1.18% v 1.32%. [519] The database groups adherents into 18 broadly-defined categories: Agnostics, Atheists,[c] Bahs, Buddhists, Chinese folk-religionists, Christians, Confucianists, Daoists, Ethnoreligionists, Hindus, Jains, Jews, Muslims, New Religionists, Shintoists, Sikhs, Spiritists, and Zoroastrians. And many people who left last year are coming back too. He continued to preach until his death in 632. [327] In Europe Muslim population will be nearly double (from 5.9% to 10.2%). By 2030 Muslims are projected to represent about 26.4% of the global population (out of a total of 7.9billion people). According to the records of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, its membership has grown every decade since its beginning in the 1830s,[108] that it is among the top ten largest Christian denominations in the U.S.,[109] and that it was the fastest growing church in the U.S. in 2012. [318] With 3.1 children per woman, Muslims have higher fertility levels than the world's overall population between 2010 and 2015. [212] According to scholars Felix Wilfred from the University of Madras and Chris Hann from the University of Cambridge and Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, since the fall of communism, the number of Muslim converts to Christianity in Kyrgyzstan has been increased. ", "Sikhs fastest-growing minority in NZ: Census", "There could be more Sikhs in the future maybe", "Our year-long exploration of religions ends with Unitarianian Universalism and paganism", "PRLog (Press Release) "Wicca"- The Fastest Growing Belief System in the World Today! When asked where they think tensions between the Muslim and Western worlds originate, answers vary. Still, based on our own survey and demographic research, as well as outside sources, Pew Research Center estimates that there wereabout 3.45 million Muslims of all ages living in the U.S. in 2017, and that Muslims madeup about 1.1% of the total U.S. population.